diff --git a/ordinis-rest-api/src/test/java/cloud/nstart/terravault/ordinis/restapi/service/BulkRecordServiceTest.java b/ordinis-rest-api/src/test/java/cloud/nstart/terravault/ordinis/restapi/service/BulkRecordServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7fea0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ordinis-rest-api/src/test/java/cloud/nstart/terravault/ordinis/restapi/service/BulkRecordServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+package cloud.nstart.terravault.ordinis.restapi.service;
+
+import cloud.nstart.terravault.ordinis.restapi.dto.BulkCloseRequest;
+import cloud.nstart.terravault.ordinis.restapi.dto.BulkCloseResponse;
+import cloud.nstart.terravault.ordinis.restapi.error.OrdinisException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * Тесты {@link BulkRecordService}: per-record транзакция, дедуп, classification
+ * exception'ов в skipped vs errors.
+ *
+ * <p>{@link DictionaryRecordService} НЕ мокается через Mockito — на Java 17+
+ * inline-mock не работает для классов из standard distribution. Вместо этого
+ * создаётся анонимный subclass который переопределяет {@code close()} —
+ * dependencies в конструкторе передаём null'ом (close override не обращается
+ * к ним).
+ */
+class BulkRecordServiceTest {
+
+  private static final String DICT = "ground_station";
+
+  /**
+   * Создаёт {@link DictionaryRecordService} stub: конструктор принимает 7
+   * null deps, единственный perевопреlojavkaedoperedrebooled close() метод
+   * — диспатчит вызов в {@code closeStub} (либо записывает в captures,
+   * либо бросает заготовленный exception).
+   */
+  private static DictionaryRecordService stubService(BiConsumer<String, String> closeStub) {
+    return new DictionaryRecordService(null, null, null, null, null, null, null) {
+      @Override
+      public void close(String dictionaryName, String businessKey, OffsetDateTime closeAt, String reason) {
+        closeStub.accept(dictionaryName, businessKey);
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** Stub с per-key поведением: lookup map[bk] → behavior. Default success. */
+  private static DictionaryRecordService routedStub(
+      Map<String, RuntimeException> errorByKey,
+      List<String> calls) {
+    return stubService((dict, bk) -> {
+      calls.add(bk);
+      RuntimeException ex = errorByKey.get(bk);
+      if (ex != null) throw ex;
+    });
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void allSucceed_whenServiceClosesEachRecord() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(Map.of(), calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a", "b", "c"), null, "test reason"));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("a", "b", "c");
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.errors()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(calls).containsExactly("a", "b", "c");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void notActive_classifiedAsSkipped() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(
+        Map.of("b", OrdinisException.notFound("record_not_active", "уже закрыто")),
+        calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a", "b", "c"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("a", "c");
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).hasSize(1);
+    assertThat(res.skipped().get(0).businessKey()).isEqualTo("b");
+    assertThat(res.skipped().get(0).reason()).isEqualTo("already_closed");
+    assertThat(res.errors()).isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void otherOrdinisException_classifiedAsError() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(
+        Map.of("a", OrdinisException.forbidden("scope_insufficient", "нет прав")),
+        calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.errors()).hasSize(1);
+    assertThat(res.errors().get(0).businessKey()).isEqualTo("a");
+    assertThat(res.errors().get(0).reason()).contains("scope_insufficient").contains("нет прав");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void unexpectedException_classifiedAsError() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(
+        Map.of("a", new RuntimeException("DB connection lost")),
+        calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.errors()).hasSize(1);
+    assertThat(res.errors().get(0).reason())
+        .contains("RuntimeException")
+        .contains("DB connection lost");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void duplicates_silentlyDeduplicated() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(Map.of(), calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a", "a", "b", "a"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("a", "b");
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.errors()).isEmpty();
+    // service.close для "a" вызвался ровно 1 раз (дубликаты дедуплицированы)
+    assertThat(calls).containsExactly("a", "b");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void blankBusinessKey_classifiedAsSkipped_invalidKey() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(Map.of(), calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(java.util.Arrays.asList("a", null, "", "   ", "b"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("a", "b");
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).hasSize(3);
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).extracting(BulkCloseResponse.SkippedItem::reason)
+        .containsOnly("invalid_key");
+    // service.close НЕ должен вызваться для невалидных ключей
+    assertThat(calls).containsExactly("a", "b");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void atTimestamp_passedThroughToServiceClose() {
+    List<String> capturedKeys = new ArrayList<>();
+    List<OffsetDateTime> capturedAt = new ArrayList<>();
+    List<String> capturedReason = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = new DictionaryRecordService(null, null, null, null, null, null, null) {
+      @Override
+      public void close(String dict, String bk, OffsetDateTime at, String reason) {
+        capturedKeys.add(bk);
+        capturedAt.add(at);
+        capturedReason.add(reason);
+      }
+    };
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    OffsetDateTime when = OffsetDateTime.parse("2026-01-01T00:00:00Z");
+    bulk.bulkClose(DICT, new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("a"), when, "scheduled deactivation"));
+
+    assertThat(capturedKeys).containsExactly("a");
+    assertThat(capturedAt).containsExactly(when);
+    assertThat(capturedReason).containsExactly("scheduled deactivation");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void mixedResults_allCategoriesPopulated() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(
+        Map.of(
+            "dup", OrdinisException.notFound("record_not_active", "x"),
+            "bad", new IllegalStateException("boom")),
+        calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("ok1", "dup", "bad", "ok2"), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("ok1", "ok2");
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).extracting(BulkCloseResponse.SkippedItem::businessKey)
+        .containsExactly("dup");
+    assertThat(res.errors()).extracting(BulkCloseResponse.ErrorItem::businessKey)
+        .containsExactly("bad");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void emptyBatch_returnsEmptyResultWithoutCallingService() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(Map.of(), calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT, new BulkCloseRequest(List.of(), null, null));
+
+    assertThat(res.closed()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.skipped()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(res.errors()).isEmpty();
+    assertThat(calls).isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void closeOrder_preservesInputOrder() {
+    List<String> calls = new ArrayList<>();
+    DictionaryRecordService rs = routedStub(Map.of(), calls);
+    BulkRecordService bulk = new BulkRecordService(rs);
+
+    BulkCloseResponse res = bulk.bulkClose(DICT,
+        new BulkCloseRequest(List.of("z", "m", "a"), null, null));
+
+    // closed[] сохраняет порядок входа — не пересортировано
+    assertThat(res.closed()).containsExactly("z", "m", "a");
+    // service.close вызывался в том же порядке (для audit log consistency)
+    assertThat(calls).containsExactly("z", "m", "a");
+  }
+}